Example where no paragraph or section numbers are available:.

Winston argues that 'Rourke has lowered his defenses' (par.

Example where paragraph or section numbers are available:.

If there are no such reference marks, do not create or include them in your reference.

If your source has no page numbers, but has labelled section or paragraph numbers, you can indicate these numbers in your parenthetical reference.

Gophers can have many detrimental effects on lawns, including building underground tunnels, eating plants, and disturbing root systems (“Gophers”). Voice of the Shuttle has many electronic sources. Italicize the titles of books or entire web sites and place the titles of articles or individual web pages in quotation marks.

If there is no author, as is the case with some web pages, include either the whole title of the work in the text or use a shortened form of the title in parentheses, using the first words of the title.If there are three or more authors, include the last name of the first author followed by 'et al.' without any intervening punctuation.If there are two authors, include the last name of each.In-text citations - Multiple authors or no author bit.ly, goo.gl) as these are unstable and your reader may not be able to access these sites in the future. If possible, use a permanent link or a doi.

For sources you find online, include a URL or doi.However, now they are represented as vol. In works cited entries, the volume and issue number of journal articles used to be represented as follows: vol#(issue#).In works cited entries, the city of publication and medium of publication (e.g.Now, each author is listed only if a work has one or two authors (see In-text citations - Multiple authors or no authors for examples) Multiple authors: previously, if a work had one, two, or three authors, all the names would be listed.

Note: it is still recommended that you abbreviate months with four or more letters (e.g. Based on the new edition, these words should be spelled out fully (see Works cited - a translation). “ed.” for “editor”, “trans.” for “translated by”). Abbreviations: in previous editions, certain abbreviations could be used (e.g.

How to insert a citation in mla style